Ground-based Solar

Ground-mounted solar systems offer several advantages over roof-mounted arrays. These include optimizing panel positioning for enhanced sun exposure, increased efficiency in hot temperatures, and easy maintenance during snowy conditions.

Ground mounts are especially advantageous for off-grid setups to maximize performance during winter months. Solar ground mounts are also compatible with bifacial solar panels, which can capture reflected light on their backside for improved performance.

However, ground-mounted solar arrays come with extra requirements and costs compared to their roof-mounted counterparts.

Installation involves excavation, concrete foundations, and a trench for the power line. A large, clear area around the panels is crucial to prevent shading from nearby trees, buildings, or power poles.

Electrical code authorities may mandate the installation of a fence or barrier to limit access to ground-mounted solar panels.

The most appropriate solar ground-mount structure depends on several factors, including the type of ground (rocky or soil), slope, wind exposure, interest in future expansion, aesthetic preference, preference for high- or low-profile, and the need for adjustability.

Mono-pole (Top-of-pole) mounts are individual steel structures on a single, 6- or 8-inch diameter steel post. These are typically configured for 9-, 12- or 16-panels each, though many options are available in multiples of 3, 4, or 5 including continuous assemblies using more than one pole. They are constructed with steel, painted, and durable enough to withstand winds at a high tilt setting.

• Pro: adjustable tilt (hand crank)

• Pro: can be tilted to a high angle

• Pro: can be built tall for additional ground clearance

• Pro: more aesthetically pleasing

• Pro: works well on sloped ground

• Pro: can be used as a canopy/carport

• Con: relatively higher material cost

Mono-pole (or Top-of-pole):

Multi-pole mounts are built using 1-1/2-inch galvanized steel pipe. In open areas exposed to wind, they are typically installed in multiples of three (three-high) in landscape orientation, but they can be taller (four-high) in protected areas.

• Pro: slightly lower cost of materials

• Pro: option to install on a concrete pad

• Pro: can be a continuous, unbroken assembly (on flat ground)

• Pro: lower profile

• Pro: they work well on a south-facing slope

• Con: less favorable on east-west sloping ground

• Con: limited pitch (typically 35 degrees)

• Con: the pitch is not adjustable

Multi-pole: